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How Machines Learned

By Kai Bergin

Five guides through neural-network history

The conceptual throughline

Modern AI is a stack of older ideas.

Logic supplied the parts. Learning adjusted them. Backpropagation assigned credit. Depth built abstractions. Attention routed context.

  1. LogicTurn neural firing into a rule.
  2. CorrectionMove the weights after a mistake.
  3. CreditTell each hidden connection how it contributed.
  4. HierarchyBuild useful features across many layers.
  5. ContextLet every position gather the information it needs.